Ukususela ngowama-2005, imveliso yamatayara yaseTshayina iye yafikelela kwizigidi ezingama-250, idlula iUnited States ezigidi ezingama-228, nto leyo ebangela ukuba libe lelona lizwe liphambili ehlabathini ekuveliseni amatayara.
Okwangoku, iChina ibilelona lizwe lithengi amatayara likhulu, kodwa ikwalelona lizwe livelisa amatayara likhulu nelithumela ngaphandle.
Uphuhliso lwemarike yemoto entsha yasekhaya kunye nokunyuka kwenani lobunini beemoto kubonelele ngempembelelo yophuhliso loshishino lwamatayara.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, imeko yamazwe ngamazwe yeenkampani zamatayara aseTshayina, nayo inyuka unyaka nonyaka.
Kwi-2020 Global Tire Top 75 Ranking ehlelwe yi-US Tire Business, kukho amashishini angama-28 kwilizwe laseTshayina kunye namashishini ama-5 e-China naseTaiwan kuluhlu.
Phakathi kwazo, iZhongce Rubber ekwilizwe lase China ikwindawo yeshumi; ilandelwa yiLinglong Tire, ikwindawo ye-14.
Ngo-2020, echatshazelwa yimiba emininzi efana nempembelelo yesibetho esitsha sesithsaba, imfazwe yorhwebo phakathi kweTshayina ne-United States kunye nohlengahlengiso lwezoqoqosho, ishishini lamatayara lijongene nemingeni enzima engazange ibonwe ngaphambili.
Ilungile kwirabha yendalo, irabha yokwenziwa, imathiriyeli yamathambo kunye namanye amaxabiso amakhulu ezinto ezikrwada azinzile kwaye kwinqanaba eliphantsi, ukunyuka kwesaphulelo serhafu yerhafu yokuthumela ngaphandle, utshintsho lwexabiso lotshintshiselwano luxhasa ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ishishini lamatayara ngokwalo ukunyusa inzululwazi kunye netekhnoloji. ukusungula izinto ezintsha, ulawulo, ukuthembela kwinkqubela phambili yobuchwepheshe ukuxhobisa imveliso, kunye nokuqhubeka nokukhulisa ukhuphiswano lwamazwe ngamazwe lwamatayara ohlobo oluzimeleyo.
Phantsi kwemizamo edibeneyo yoshishino lonke, ingxaki ibe lithuba, ukusebenza koqoqosho lokubuyisela okuzinzileyo, iinjongo eziphambili zemveliso kunye nentengiso kunye nemisebenzi egqitywe ngcono kunokuba bekulindelwe.
Ngokutsho China Rubber Industry Association iTire izibalo zeSebe kunye novavanyo, ngo-2020, 39 amashishini amalungu angundoqo itayara, ukufikelela lilonke ixabiso lemveliso yemveliso yuan 186.571 billion, ukwanda 0.56%; ukuphumeza ingeniso yentengiso ye-184.399 billion yuan, ukuncipha kwe-0.20%.
Imveliso yetayara yangaphandle ebanzi yezigidi ezingama-485.85, ukwanda nge-3.15%. Phakathi kwabo, ukuveliswa kwamatayara e-radial kwi-458.99 yezigidi, ukwanda kwe-2.94%; imveliso yamavili esinyithi yonke i-115.53 yezigidi, ukwanda kwe-6.76%; umlinganiselo weradialization wama-94.47%, ukwehla ngepesenti eyi-0.20 yamanqaku.
Kulo nyaka uphelileyo, la mashishini angentla afikelele kwixabiso le-71.243 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ehle nge-8.21%; izinga lokuthumela ngaphandle (ixabiso) lama-38.63%, ukuhla nge-3.37 ekhulwini.
Ukuhanjiswa kwamatayara kumazwe angaphandle kweeseti ezingama-225.83 ezigidi, ukwehla nge-6.37%; apho iiseti zezigidi ezingama-217.86 zamatayara emitha ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle, ukuncipha nge-6.31%; izinga lokuthumela ngaphandle (umthamo) wama-46.48%, ukuhla nge-4.73 yeepesenti.
Ngokwezibalo, amashishini angundoqo angama-32, afumana inzuzo kunye neerhafu ze-10.668 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ukwanda kwe-38,74%; ingeniso efunyenweyo ye-8.033 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, ukwanda kwe-59.07%; umda wengeniso yentengiso ye-5.43%, ukwanda kwepesenti ye-1.99 yamanqaku. Uluhlu lwempahla olugqityiweyo lwe-19.059 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, phantsi kwe-7.41%.
Okwangoku, imeko yophuhliso lweshishini lamatayara eTshayina ibonisa ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
(1) Iinzuzo zophuhliso lweshishini lamatayara asekhaya zihleli.
Umzi-mveliso weTire lishishini eliqhelekileyo lokucutshungulwa kwenguqu kunye nophuculo, oludinga imali eninzi, olugxile kubuchwepheshe, lufuna abasebenzi kakhulu kunye noqoqosho lweempawu ezicacileyo ngakumbi.
Xa kuthelekiswa namanye amazwe kunye nemimandla yehlabathi, indawo yemarike yasekhaya yaseTshayina, ifanelekile ukuhlangabezana noqoqosho lwesikali; Ikhonkco leshishini elinyukayo nelisezantsi ligqityiwe, lilungele ulawulo lweendleko kunye nenkqubela phambili; izibonelelo zabasebenzi zisemgangathweni kunye nesixa esilungileyo; umgaqo-nkqubo wezopolitiko wasekhaya uzinzile, ulungele uphuhliso lwamashishini kunye nezinye izinto eziluncedo kunye neemeko eziphambili.
(2) Ukunyuswa kwengxinano yoshishino lwamatayara.
Iinkampani zamatayara eTshayina zininzi, kodwa isikali semveliso kunye nokuthengiswa kweenkampani zamatayara sincinci. Njengeshishini lemveliso, isiphumo sesikali soshishino lwamatayara sicace gca, ubungakanani obuncinci beshishini bukhokelela ekunqongophaleni kwenzuzo yesikali.
Ngokweenkcukacha-manani, ukufakwa kwamasebe eenkcukacha-manani ukujonga umzi-mveliso wamatayara, ukusuka kwixesha elidlulileyo ngaphezu kwama-500 ehlile ukuya malunga nama-230; ngokusebenzisa isiqinisekiso semveliso yokhuseleko ye-CCC yomzi-mveliso wamatayara emoto, ukusuka ngaphezulu kwama-300 ukuya kuma-225.
Kwixesha elizayo, ngokunyuka okuthe kratya kokudityaniswa, izibonelelo zeshishini zilindeleke ukuba zisasazeke ngokufanelekileyo, i-ecology yeshishini lilonke, kodwa nakwindlela enempilo yophuhliso.
(3) "Ukuphuma" isantya sophuhliso siyaqhubeka nokukhawuleza.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iinkampani zamatayara aseTshayina “ziphuma” ukuyokukhawulezisa isantya, iinkampani ezininzi ziye zabhengeza ukuba iifektri zaphesheya kweelwandle okanye iifektri ezintsha zaphesheya kweelwandle, zonyusa ubume behlabathi.
I-Sailun Group yaseVietnam isityalo, i-Linglong Tire, i-CPU Rubber, i-Sen Kirin Tire, i-double money tires Thailand plant, i-Fulin Tire Malaysia plant, umthamo wemveliso ubonise ukukhululwa kwamanani amabini.
Iplanti yaseGuilun Vietnam, iJiangsu General kunye nePoulin Chengshan Thailand plant, iLinglong Tire Serbia plant yakhiwe ngokupheleleyo, iZhaoqing Junhong Malaysia Kuantan plant, nayo yaqala ukuqhekeka.
(4) Iimfuno ezingqongqo eziluhlaza.
Impembelelo yeemoto kunye namatayara kokusingqongileyo, ngokuqwalaselwa ngakumbi. Umzekelo, iimfuno ze-EU zokukhutshwa kwekharbon diokside kwiimoto, umthetho wokuleyibhelishwa kwe-EU malunga nokumelana nokuqengqeleka kwamatayara, i-PEACH kunye neminye imimiselo yeemfuno zemveliso eluhlaza, kunye neemfuno zokurisayikilishwa kwamatayara.
Oku kukwimveliso yoshishino oluphezulu nolusezantsi, uyilo lwemveliso kunye nemathiriyeli ekrwada, kubeka phambili iimfuno eziphezulu zophuhliso lobugcisa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-08-2024